Aerogels are attractive in various applications ranging from aerospace to energy storage due to low density and high specific surface area. Mainstream strategy to obtain lignocellulosic aerogels is bottom-up approach, disintegrating wood into nano building blocks (e.g. nanocellulose) followed by reassembling into aerogels. The complex and/or energy intensive processing are challenges. Top-down approach is an alternative by directly using wood while the hierarchical structure is largely preserved, and in-situ modified. This project is about fabrication and application of a novel type of lignocellulosic aerogels, wood aerogels, a highly nano porous structure with cellulosic nanofibril network filling the empty lumen space.